Accessory pigment

Muscles of respiration: ʻO nā mākala o ka hanu ʻana kēlā mau mākala e kōkua i ka inhalation a me ka exhalation, ma ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻonui a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka lua o ka thoracic. ʻO ka diaphragm a, i kahi mea liʻiliʻi, hoʻokuʻi nā mākala intercostal i ka hanu i ka hanu mālie. He mea nui ka lahilahi o kēia mau mākala i ke olakino o ka ʻōnaehana hanu a hoʻonui i kāna mau hiki hana.
Accessory navicular bone: ʻO kahi iwi navicular kōkua he iwi kōkua o ka wāwae e hoʻomōhala kino ʻole i mua o ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae i loko o ka wāwae. Aia paha kēia iwi ma kahi o 2-21% o ka heluna lehulehu a pinepine asymptomatic. Ke hōʻailona ia, pono paha ke kahakaha.
Accessory navicular bone: ʻO kahi iwi navicular kōkua he iwi kōkua o ka wāwae e hoʻomōhala kino ʻole i mua o ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae i loko o ka wāwae. Aia paha kēia iwi ma kahi o 2-21% o ka heluna lehulehu a pinepine asymptomatic. Ke hōʻailona ia, pono paha ke kahakaha.
Accessory pathway: ʻO kahi ala kōkua kahi hoʻohui uila hou aʻe ma waena o ʻelua ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia mau ala ke alakaʻi i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​arrhythmia e pili ana me nā ʻōuli o nā palpitations. Hiki i kekahi mau alahele ke hoʻoulu i kahi ʻāpana o ka mākala ventricular ma mua o ka hanana maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ma mua o ka hauʻoli, a ʻike ʻia paha kēia ma kahi electrocardiogram. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o kahi ala kōkua e kumu i ka pre-excitation me arrhythmia i kapa ʻia ʻo Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Accessory Transit Company: ʻO ka Accessit Transit Company kahi hui i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Cornelius Vanderbilt a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka wā o ka Gold Gold Rush o Kaleponi i nā makahiki 1850, e lawe i nā poʻe ʻimi ʻimi mai ke kapakai hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ke kapakai komohana.
Accessory abducens nucleus: ʻO ka aksesory abducens nucleus kahi hui liʻiliʻi o nā neurons i ka pontine reticular hoʻokumu o kaʻiole a me ka lāpaki.
Accessory (legal term): ʻO kahi mea kōkua ka mea i kōkua i ke komisina o kahi kalaima, akā ʻaʻole i komo maoli i ka hana ʻana i ka hewa, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi mea kōkua a me kahi kumu nui he nīnau no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ke kekelē. ʻO ke poʻokela ka mea nona nā hana a haʻalele paha, i hele pū ʻia me nā kāne e pili ana, ʻo ia ke kumu koke o ka reusus . n Inā kuleana ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau kānaka no ka aktus reus , hiki iā lākou ke uku ʻia ma ke ʻano he poʻo hui. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi poʻo hui mai kahi mea kōkua inā ʻo ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i hāʻawi kūʻokoʻa i ka hana ʻana i ka actus reus ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka kōkua laulā a me / a i ʻole ka kōkua a me ka paipai.
Accessory auricle: Kuhi ʻia kahi auricle mea kōkua he anomaly hoʻomohala i hopena ʻia mai ka hoʻomau ʻana o kahi hanana e hoʻololi hou i ka pepeiao kūwaho maʻamau.
Accessory (legal term): ʻO kahi mea kōkua ka mea i kōkua i ke komisina o kahi kalaima, akā ʻaʻole i komo maoli i ka hana ʻana i ka hewa, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi mea kōkua a me kahi kumu nui he nīnau no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ke kekelē. ʻO ke poʻokela ka mea nona nā hana a haʻalele paha, i hele pū ʻia me nā kāne e pili ana, ʻo ia ke kumu koke o ka reusus . n Inā kuleana ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau kānaka no ka aktus reus , hiki iā lākou ke uku ʻia ma ke ʻano he poʻo hui. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi poʻo hui mai kahi mea kōkua inā ʻo ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i hāʻawi kūʻokoʻa i ka hana ʻana i ka actus reus ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka kōkua laulā a me / a i ʻole ka kōkua a me ka paipai.
Accessory bile duct: ʻO kahi dile bile mea kōkua kahi alawai e lawe i ka bile a manaʻo ʻia he supernumerary a i ʻole kōkua i ka lāʻau biliary
Supernumerary body part: ʻO nā ʻāpana o ke kino supernumerary kahi maʻi maʻamau e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ke kino a me ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka hoʻolālā kino. ʻIke maʻalahi ʻia a hūnā ʻia paha nā ʻāpana o ke kino, e like me nā mea o loko.
Accessory bone: ʻO kahi iwi kōkua a iwi iwi manawaleʻa paha kahi iwi i kū ʻole ma ke kino, akā hiki ke loaʻa he ʻano ʻokoʻa i ka nui o nā kānaka. Kūpono ia i kahi kuhi hewa ʻana e like me nā haki iwi ma ka radiography.
Accessory bone: ʻO kahi iwi kōkua a iwi iwi manawaleʻa paha kahi iwi i kū ʻole ma ke kino, akā hiki ke loaʻa he ʻano ʻokoʻa i ka nui o nā kānaka. Kūpono ia i kahi kuhi hewa ʻana e like me nā haki iwi ma ka radiography.
Accessory meningeal artery: ʻO ka artery meningeal accessory kahi lālā o ke aʻa maxillary, i kekahi manawa i loaʻa mai ke aʻa waena meningeal waena.
Accessory breast: ʻO nā umauma kōkua , ʻike ʻia ʻo polymastia , nā umauma supernumerary , a i ʻole mammae erraticae , ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi umauma hou. Hōʻike ʻia paha nā poli keu me ka ʻole o nā nipples a i ʻole nā ​​areolae. He kūlana a me kahi ʻano atavism i laha nui ʻia i nā kāne kāne, a hele pinepine ʻole ʻia no ka mea he mea ʻole ka hapanui. I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, nui nā wahine i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka hana ʻoki lula e hoʻoneʻe i nā umauma hou, no nā kumu nani wale.
Accessory breast: ʻO nā umauma kōkua , ʻike ʻia ʻo polymastia , nā umauma supernumerary , a i ʻole mammae erraticae , ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi umauma hou. Hōʻike ʻia paha nā poli keu me ka ʻole o nā nipples a i ʻole nā ​​areolae. He kūlana a me kahi ʻano atavism i laha nui ʻia i nā kāne kāne, a hele pinepine ʻole ʻia no ka mea he mea ʻole ka hapanui. I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, nui nā wahine i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka hana ʻoki lula e hoʻoneʻe i nā umauma hou, no nā kumu nani wale.
Expansion card: I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, kahi kāleka hoʻolahalaha kahi papa kaapuni i pai ʻia i hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi hoʻopili uila, a i ʻole kahi slot hoʻonui ma luna o kahi kamepiula kamepiula, backplane a riser card paha e hoʻohui i ka hana i ka ʻōnaehana kamepiula.
Bronchus: ʻO kahi bronchus kahi ala a i ʻole ke ala ea i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hanu e lawe i ka ea i loko o nā akemāmā. ʻO ka bronchi mua i ka lālā mai ka trachea ka bronchus nui ʻākau a me ka bronchus hema hema, i ʻike ʻia ʻo bronchi mua. ʻO kēia ka ākea ākea a komo i nā akemāmā i kēlā me kēia hilum, kahi a lākou e lālā ai i loko o ka ʻoi aku o ka lua o bronchi a i ʻole lobar bronchi, a ʻo kēia mau lālā i loko o ka bronchi tertiary teriary a i ʻole bronchi segmental. ʻO nā mahele ʻē aʻe o ka bronchi segmental i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka ʻehā, ʻoka ʻelima, a me ka ʻāpana ʻehā o nā ʻāpana, a i ʻākoakoa ʻia paha e like me subsegmental bronchi. ʻAʻohe hoʻololi kūka i loko o ka bronchi.
Antigen-presenting cell: ʻO kahi cell antenting-presenting cell ( APC ) a i ʻole cell cell accessory kahi huna e hōʻike i ka antigen i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā protein histocompatibility complex (MHC) nui ma luna o ka ʻili; ʻike ʻia kēia hana ma ke ʻano he hōʻike antigen. Hoʻomaopopo paha nā hunaola T i kēia mau mea paʻakikī e hoʻohana nei i kā lākou mau pūnaewele T (TCRs). Hana nā APC i nā antigens a hāʻawi iā lākou i nā pūnaewele T.
Accessory cephalic vein: ʻO ke aʻa cephalic accessory kahi ʻano loli e hele ma ka palena radial o ka forearm e hui pū i ke aʻa cephalic kokoke i ka kuʻe lima. I kekahi mau kumu, puka mai ka cephalic kōkua mai ka cephalic ma luna o ka pulima a hoʻohui hou iā ia i luna. Hoʻohui pinepine kahi lālā oblique nui i nā veins basilic a me cephalic ma ke kua o ka forearm.
Accessory cephalic vein: ʻO ke aʻa cephalic accessory kahi ʻano loli e hele ma ka palena radial o ka forearm e hui pū i ke aʻa cephalic kokoke i ka kuʻe lima. I kekahi mau kumu, puka mai ka cephalic kōkua mai ka cephalic ma luna o ka pulima a hoʻohui hou iā ia i luna. Hoʻohui pinepine kahi lālā oblique nui i nā veins basilic a me cephalic ma ke kua o ka forearm.
USB: ʻO Universal Bus Serial ( USB ) kahi pae ʻoihana e hoʻokumu i nā kikoʻī no nā kaula a me nā mea hoʻopili a me nā kuʻina no ka pili, kamaʻilio a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mana (interfacing) ma waena o nā kamepiula, peripherals a me nā kamepiula ʻē aʻe. Aia kekahi ʻano laulā o ka lako pono USB, me nā mea hoʻohui ʻumikūmākahi, a ʻo USB-C ka mea hou loa.
B chromosome: Ma waho aʻe o ka karyotype maʻamau, nā heluna hihiu o nā holoholona he nui, mea kanu, a me nā fungi i loaʻa nā chromosome B. Ma ka wehewehe ʻana, ʻaʻole pono kēia mau chromosome i ke ola o kekahi laha, a ua nele i kekahi o kēlā me kēia. Pēlā ka heluna kanaka o nā kānaka me 0, 1, 2, 3 (etc.) B chromosome. ʻOkoʻa nā chromosome B mai nā chromosome marker a i ʻole nā ​​kope hou o nā chromosome maʻamau e like me nā trisomies.
Accessory cloud: ʻO kahi kapua kōkua he ao ia e kaukaʻi ʻia i kahi ʻōnaehana ʻoi aku ka nui no kona ulu a hoʻomau ʻana. He hoʻopili pinepine ia akā hiki nō hoʻi ke pili i ka ʻōnaehana ao makua.
Ventral cochlear nucleus: I loko o ka ventral cochlear nucleus ( VCN ), komo nā lālā nerve lohe i ka lolo ma o ke aʻa aʻa i ka VCN. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka nucleus cochlear nucleus i loko o ka ventral anterior (anteroventral) cochlear nucleus (AVCN) a me ka hope ventral (posteroventral) cochlear nucleus (PVCN). I ka VCN, bifurcate nā pulupulu auditory, ka lālā piʻi i loko o ka AVCN a me ka lālā e iho ana i loko o ka PVCN a laila hoʻomau i ka nukelea cochlear. Hāʻawi ka ʻoki kūlohelohe e nā fibre nerve lohe i ka AVCN i kahi hui tonotopic ma ke axis dorsoventral. Nā leka e lawe i ka ʻike mai ka piko o ka cochlea i hoʻolohe ʻia i nā alapine haʻahaʻa e hoʻopili i nā neurons i ka ʻaoʻao ventral o ka AVCN; nā mea e lawe i ka ʻikepili mai ke kumu o ka cochlea i hoʻolohe ʻia i nā alapine kiʻekiʻe e hoʻopili i nā neurons i ka ʻaoʻao dorsal o ka AVCN. Noho nā lehulehu o nā neurons i ka AVCN. Loaʻa i nā pūnaewele bushy ke komo mai nā pulupulu nerve hoʻolohe ma o nā wēlau nui i kapa ʻia nā puʻupuʻu hope o Held. Kāhea lākou i nā hunaola stellate ma o nā boutons maʻamau.
Accessory pathway: ʻO kahi ala kōkua kahi hoʻohui uila hou aʻe ma waena o ʻelua ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia mau ala ke alakaʻi i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​arrhythmia e pili ana me nā ʻōuli o nā palpitations. Hiki i kekahi mau alahele ke hoʻoulu i kahi ʻāpana o ka mākala ventricular ma mua o ka hanana maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ma mua o ka hauʻoli, a ʻike ʻia paha kēia ma kahi electrocardiogram. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o kahi ala kōkua e kumu i ka pre-excitation me arrhythmia i kapa ʻia ʻo Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Accessory pathway: ʻO kahi ala kōkua kahi hoʻohui uila hou aʻe ma waena o ʻelua ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia mau ala ke alakaʻi i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​arrhythmia e pili ana me nā ʻōuli o nā palpitations. Hiki i kekahi mau alahele ke hoʻoulu i kahi ʻāpana o ka mākala ventricular ma mua o ka hanana maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ma mua o ka hauʻoli, a ʻike ʻia paha kēia ma kahi electrocardiogram. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o kahi ala kōkua e kumu i ka pre-excitation me arrhythmia i kapa ʻia ʻo Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Accessory cuneate nucleus: Aia ka ʻaoʻao cuneate nucleus ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka cuneate nucleus i ka medulla oblongata i ka pae o ka decussation sensory.
Human digestive system: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana digestive kanaka o ka gastrointestinal tract me nā mea kōkua o ka digestion. Hoʻopili ka Digest i ka haki ʻana o ka meaʻai i nā mea liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi, a hiki ke omo ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ke kino. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka digestion ʻekolu mau hanana: ka pae cephalic, ka wā ʻōpū, a me ka manawa ʻōpū.
Human digestive system: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana digestive kanaka o ka gastrointestinal tract me nā mea kōkua o ka digestion. Hoʻopili ka Digest i ka haki ʻana o ka meaʻai i nā mea liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi, a hiki ke omo ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ke kino. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka digestion ʻekolu mau hanana: ka pae cephalic, ka wā ʻōpū, a me ka manawa ʻōpū.
Polydactyly: ʻO Polydactyly a i ʻole polydactylism , i ʻike ʻia he hyperdactyly , he anomaly i loko o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona e hopena ana i nā manamana lima a me / a i ʻole nā ​​manamana wāwae. ʻO Polydactyly ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o oligodactyly.
Polydactyly: ʻO Polydactyly a i ʻole polydactylism , i ʻike ʻia he hyperdactyly , he anomaly i loko o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona e hopena ana i nā manamana lima a me / a i ʻole nā ​​manamana wāwae. ʻO Polydactyly ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o oligodactyly.
Accessory drive: ʻO ka drive accessory kahi pahu gear e hana i ʻāpana o ka ʻenekini turbine ʻenekini. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia he ʻāpana o ka ʻenekini o ka ʻenekini, hoʻokele ia i nā mea pono, nā pauma wahie, a pēlā aku. He mea nui ia no ka hana o ka ʻenekini a i ʻole nā ​​mokulele i kau ʻia ai i luna. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe uila ma nā ʻenekini nui lawelawe ma waena o 400-500 hp.
Secondary suite: ʻO nā lumi lua, a i ʻole nā hale noho kōkua, ADU, a i ʻole nā ​​hale noho ma loko o ke kānāwai, he hale ponoʻī, hale hale, a i ʻole nā ​​hale noho liʻiliʻi, aia ma kahi waiwai i loaʻa kahi home ʻokoʻa, home ʻohana hoʻokahi, duplex, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe. hale noho. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻopili ʻia ka ADU a i ʻole hūnōna kāne i ka hale nui a i ʻole he ʻāpana ʻokoʻa loa ia, aia ma luna o kahi hale kaʻa a i ʻole ma ka pā o hope ma ka waiwai like. I ka ʻōlelo Pelekania Pelekania hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo " annex \" a i ʻole ka granne hoʻohui hoʻohui . ʻO nā kumu no ka makemake ʻana e hoʻohui i kahi papa ʻelua i ka waiwai e loaʻa i kahi kālā hou aʻe, hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo kaiāulu a pilikino i kahi lālā o ka ʻohana, a i ʻole e loaʻa ka palekana nui aʻe.
Secondary suite: ʻO nā lumi lua, a i ʻole nā hale noho kōkua, ADU, a i ʻole nā ​​hale noho ma loko o ke kānāwai, he hale ponoʻī, hale hale, a i ʻole nā ​​hale noho liʻiliʻi, aia ma kahi waiwai i loaʻa kahi home ʻokoʻa, home ʻohana hoʻokahi, duplex, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe. hale noho. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻopili ʻia ka ADU a i ʻole hūnōna kāne i ka hale nui a i ʻole he ʻāpana ʻokoʻa loa ia, aia ma luna o kahi hale kaʻa a i ʻole ma ka pā o hope ma ka waiwai like. I ka ʻōlelo Pelekania Pelekania hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo " annex \" a i ʻole ka granne hoʻohui hoʻohui . ʻO nā kumu no ka makemake ʻana e hoʻohui i kahi papa ʻelua i ka waiwai e loaʻa i kahi kālā hou aʻe, hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo kaiāulu a pilikino i kahi lālā o ka ʻohana, a i ʻole e loaʻa ka palekana nui aʻe.
Accessory facial motor nucleus: ʻO ka nucleus motika helehelena helehelena kahi hui liʻiliʻi o nā neurons dorsal i ka nucleus motor mua i ka tegontum pontine. Ua hōʻike ʻia no ke kanaka, iole a me ka iole.
Accessory facial motor nucleus: ʻO ka nucleus motika helehelena helehelena kahi hui liʻiliʻi o nā neurons dorsal i ka nucleus motor mua i ka tegontum pontine. Ua hōʻike ʻia no ke kanaka, iole a me ka iole.
Polydactyly: ʻO Polydactyly a i ʻole polydactylism , i ʻike ʻia he hyperdactyly , he anomaly i loko o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona e hopena ana i nā manamana lima a me / a i ʻole nā ​​manamana wāwae. ʻO Polydactyly ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o oligodactyly.
Polydactyly: ʻO Polydactyly a i ʻole polydactylism , i ʻike ʻia he hyperdactyly , he anomaly i loko o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona e hopena ana i nā manamana lima a me / a i ʻole nā ​​manamana wāwae. ʻO Polydactyly ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o oligodactyly.
Accessory fruit: ʻO kahi hua kōkua kahi hua i lawe ʻole ʻia ai kekahi o nā ʻiʻo mai ka ovary pua akā mai kekahi mea pili e pili ana i ka carpel. Indehiscent mau nā mea kōkua.
DNA: ʻO ka Deoxyribonucleic acid kahi mole i haku ʻia i nā kaulahao polynucleotide ʻelua e wili āpau ana i kekahi i kekahi e hana i kahi helix pālua e halihali ana i nā ʻōkuhi genetic no ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka hana ʻana, ka ulu ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā meaola a pau i ʻike ʻia a me nā mea ʻino he nui. ʻO DNA a me ribonucleic acid (RNA) he mau acidic nukelea. Ma nā proteins, lipids a me nā carbohydrates paʻakikī (polysaccharides), ʻo nā waikawa nucleic kekahi o nā ʻano nui ʻehā o ka macromolecules e pono ai no nā ʻano a pau o ke ola i ʻike ʻia.
Glossary of entomology terms: ʻO kēia puke wehewehe ʻōlelo no ka entomology e wehewehe i nā huaʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka hoʻopaʻa haʻawina o nā ʻano pepeke e nā entomologists.
Seminal fluid protein: ʻO nā protein protein seminal (SFP) a i ʻole nā protein gland accessory (Acps) kekahi o nā mea sperm non-sperm o ka semen. I nā holoholona he nui me ka fertilization kūloko, hoʻololi nā kāne i ka cocktail paʻakikī o nā protein i kā lākou ʻano i nā wahine i ka wā o ka copulate. ʻO kēia mau proteine ​​seminal wai i nā manawa like ʻole, a me nā hopena ikaika i nā phenotypes post-mating wahine. Hana ʻia nā SFP e nā kāne kōkua kōkua kāne.
Male accessory gland: ʻO nā kelena kōkua kāne (MAG) i loko o ke kanaka nā vesicle seminal, gland prostate, a me nā gland bulbourethral .n I nā mea kolo, hoʻopuka nā gland accessory kāne i nā huahana i hui pū ʻia me ka sperm e pale a mālama iā lākou, me nā protein fluid seminal. Hiki i kekahi mau insecticides ke hoʻoulu i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka protein i loko o nā aʻa kāne o nā ʻano mea kolo. Loaʻa kēia i ka hopena i manaʻo ʻole ʻia e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā keiki a lākou e hana ai.
Accessory hemiazygos vein: ʻO ke aʻa hemiazygos kōkua , i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hemiazygous vein ʻoi aku ka aa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kolamu vertebral e hoʻokahe pinepine i ka hā ma waena o nā ākea intercostal ʻewalu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kino.
Accessory hemiazygos vein: ʻO ke aʻa hemiazygos kōkua , i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hemiazygous vein ʻoi aku ka aa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kolamu vertebral e hoʻokahe pinepine i ka hā ma waena o nā ākea intercostal ʻewalu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kino.
Accessory hemiazygos vein: ʻO ke aʻa hemiazygos kōkua , i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hemiazygous vein ʻoi aku ka aa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kolamu vertebral e hoʻokahe pinepine i ka hā ma waena o nā ākea intercostal ʻewalu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kino.
Accessory hemiazygos vein: ʻO ke aʻa hemiazygos kōkua , i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hemiazygous vein ʻoi aku ka aa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kolamu vertebral e hoʻokahe pinepine i ka hā ma waena o nā ākea intercostal ʻewalu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kino.
Portal vein: ʻO ka veins vein a i ʻole hepatic portal vein ( HPV ) kahi kīʻaha koko e lawe i ke koko mai ka gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, pancreas a me ka spleen i ke ake. Loaʻa i loko o kēia koko nā meaola a me nā toxins i unuhi ʻia mai nā ʻike i hoʻoulu ʻia. Ma kahi o 75% o ka nui o ke kahe o ke ake o ke ake ma o ka veins portal, me ke koena e hele mai ana mai ke ākea hepatic kūpono. Haʻalele ke koko i ke akepaʻa i ka puʻuwai i nā veins hepatic.
Portal vein: ʻO ka veins vein a i ʻole hepatic portal vein ( HPV ) kahi kīʻaha koko e lawe i ke koko mai ka gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, pancreas a me ka spleen i ke ake. Loaʻa i loko o kēia koko nā meaola a me nā toxins i unuhi ʻia mai nā ʻike i hoʻoulu ʻia. Ma kahi o 75% o ka nui o ke kahe o ke ake o ke ake ma o ka veins portal, me ke koena e hele mai ana mai ke ākea hepatic kūpono. Haʻalele ke koko i ke akepaʻa i ka puʻuwai i nā veins hepatic.
Supernumerary kidney: ʻO kahi hakuʻala supernumerary kahi kīʻaha hou aʻe i ka helu maʻamau i kahi meaola. Hoʻoulu pinepine kēia ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka nephrogenic blastema, a i ʻole nā ​​metanephric blastemas ʻokoʻa i komo i loko o kahi ʻāpana ureteral ʻāpana a piha paha i hoʻopili ʻia e hana i nā puʻupaʻa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia; i kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole lawa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ʻāpana reduplicated.
Accessory lacrimal glands: ʻO ko Krause glands, ko Wolfring glands a me ko Popov gland ke kōkua lacrimal gland o ka ʻōnaehana lacrimal o ka maka kanaka. Kūlike ke ʻano o kēia mau gland a histologically me ka gland lacrimal nui. Aia nā Glands o Krause i ka stroma o ka fornx conjunctival, a aia nā glands o Wolfring ma ka palena o ka pā tarsal. Kūpuni kēia mau ʻōpū a hōʻike i nā acini he nui. Hoʻopuni ʻia ka acini, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lawa, e ka lālani o nā keena myoepithelial. Hōʻike nā haʻawina holoholona e loaʻa i nā kahawai o Wolfring glands kahi papa tortuous a hāmama i ka palpebral conjunctiva. E like me ka lacrimal gland, ka lacrimal gland e kōkua nui ʻia i loko, akā nele lākou i ka lawena parasympathetic. ʻO kēia mau glands he exocrine glands, kuleana no ka huna basal (unstimulated) o ka papa wai i waenakonu o ke kiʻi haehae. 20 a 40 mau glands o Krause i loaʻa i ka fornix o luna, a 6-8 glands ʻike ʻia i ka fornix lalo. ʻO ka maʻamau he 2 a 5 mau glands o Ciaccio, a loaʻa ma ka palena ʻoi loa o ka poʻi maka o luna. Aia nā glands o Popov i loko o ka waiwai o ka caruncle.
Secondary lens: I ka paʻi kiʻi ʻana, kahi aniani ʻelua a i ʻole mea aniani kōkua i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻohana pū ʻia me kahi aniani ʻē aʻe, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka maka aniani mua .
Accessory meningeal artery: ʻO ka artery meningeal accessory kahi lālā o ke aʻa maxillary, i kekahi manawa i loaʻa mai ke aʻa waena meningeal waena.
Accessory meningeal artery: ʻO ka artery meningeal accessory kahi lālā o ke aʻa maxillary, i kekahi manawa i loaʻa mai ke aʻa waena meningeal waena.
Accessory meningeal artery: ʻO ka artery meningeal accessory kahi lālā o ke aʻa maxillary, i kekahi manawa i loaʻa mai ke aʻa waena meningeal waena.
Mineral: I ke kālaihonua a me ka mineralogy, he mineral a mineral mineral species , e ʻōlelo ākea nei, kahi hui kemika paʻa me kahi ʻano kemika i wehewehe pono ʻia a me kahi hanana aniani kikoʻī e kū maoli i kahi ʻano maʻemaʻe.
Mineral: I ke kālaihonua a me ka mineralogy, he mineral a mineral mineral species , e ʻōlelo ākea nei, kahi hui kemika paʻa me kahi ʻano kemika i wehewehe pono ʻia a me kahi hanana aniani kikoʻī e kū maoli i kahi ʻano maʻemaʻe.
Supplementary motor area: ʻO ka ʻāpana mīkini kaʻa ʻokoʻa ( SMA ) kahi ʻāpana o ka primate cerebral cortex e hāʻawi i ka kaohi o ka neʻe. Aia ia ma ka papa waena waena o ka hemisphere ma ke alo pono o ka moto mua o ka wanaao. I loko o nā moʻo he nui ka palapala ʻāina o ka SMA. I ke kanaka ʻaʻole ʻikea ka palapala ʻāina. Neurona i ka papahana SMA pololei i ka iwi kuamoʻo a e hoʻokani paha i ka mana o ka neʻe. ʻO nā hana i hiki ke kūpono ʻia i ka SMA e komo pū me ka stabilization postural o ke kino, ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke kino e like me ka wā o ka hana bimanual, ke kaohi o nā neʻe i hana ʻia i loko ma kahi o ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻia e nā hanana sensory, a me ka kaohi o nā kaʻina o nā neʻe . ʻO kēia mau hana i hāpai ʻia a pau ke waiho nei i ke kuhiakau. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ke kuleana a me nā kuleana o ka SMA.
Accessory muscle: ʻO kahi mākala komo kahi ʻano anatomical laha ʻole kahi e ʻike ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o kahi mākala ma nā wahi āpau o ka pūnaewele muscular. ʻAʻole hōʻike ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana ke ʻole keakea ʻia ka mākala kōkua me ka hana maʻamau. ʻO nā laʻana ʻo ka mākala sternalis, nā mākia o ka mea kōkua, ʻo extensor digitorum brevis manus a me epitrochleoanconeus muscle.
Accessory muscle: ʻO kahi mākala komo kahi ʻano anatomical laha ʻole kahi e ʻike ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o kahi mākala ma nā wahi āpau o ka pūnaewele muscular. ʻAʻole hōʻike ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana ke ʻole keakea ʻia ka mākala kōkua me ka hana maʻamau. ʻO nā laʻana ʻo ka mākala sternalis, nā mākia o ka mea kōkua, ʻo extensor digitorum brevis manus a me epitrochleoanconeus muscle.
Muscles of respiration: ʻO nā mākala o ka hanu ʻana kēlā mau mākala e kōkua i ka inhalation a me ka exhalation, ma ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻonui a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka lua o ka thoracic. ʻO ka diaphragm a, i kahi mea liʻiliʻi, hoʻokuʻi nā mākala intercostal i ka hanu i ka hanu mālie. He mea nui ka lahilahi o kēia mau mākala i ke olakino o ka ʻōnaehana hanu a hoʻonui i kāna mau hiki hana.
Muscles of respiration: ʻO nā mākala o ka hanu ʻana kēlā mau mākala e kōkua i ka inhalation a me ka exhalation, ma ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻonui a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka lua o ka thoracic. ʻO ka diaphragm a, i kahi mea liʻiliʻi, hoʻokuʻi nā mākala intercostal i ka hanu i ka hanu mālie. He mea nui ka lahilahi o kēia mau mākala i ke olakino o ka ʻōnaehana hanu a hoʻonui i kāna mau hiki hana.
Muscles of respiration: ʻO nā mākala o ka hanu ʻana kēlā mau mākala e kōkua i ka inhalation a me ka exhalation, ma ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻonui a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka lua o ka thoracic. ʻO ka diaphragm a, i kahi mea liʻiliʻi, hoʻokuʻi nā mākala intercostal i ka hanu i ka hanu mālie. He mea nui ka lahilahi o kēia mau mākala i ke olakino o ka ʻōnaehana hanu a hoʻonui i kāna mau hiki hana.
Scapula: I'anatomia, ka scapula, iʻikeʻia e like me ka'ūhā mua iwi, poʻohiwi huhui,'ēheu iwi a huhui iwi, o ka iwi i hoʻohuiʻia ai ka humerus me ka clavicle. E like me kā lākou iwi pili, hoʻopili ʻia nā scapulae, me kēlā me kēia scapula ma nā ʻaoʻao a ʻelua o ke kino e ʻano aniani ke ʻano o kekahi. Loaʻa ka inoa i ka huaʻōlelo Latina Classical no ka trowel a i ʻole ka ʻūlū liʻiliʻi, a manaʻo ʻia e like ia.
Cat anatomy: ʻO ka anatomy o ka pōpoki kūloko e like me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka genus Felis .
Accessory nail of the fifth toe: ʻO ke kui kui o ka manamana ʻelima , ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka manamananui petaloid , he ʻano kino o ka manamana liʻiliʻi, kahi i loaʻa ai kahi minuscule "ʻeono toenail \" ma ke kihi o waho o ke kui e kau ana ma ka manamana liʻiliʻi.
Minor alar cartilage: I ke anatomi kanaka ka ʻāpana o ka ihu e hana ana i ka paia ʻaoʻao i wili ʻia e kūlike me ke ala o ka ihu; he oval a pālahalaha ʻia, hāiki ma hope, kahi e pili ai me ka hana mua o ka maxilla e kahi membrane fibrous paʻakikī, kahi e loaʻa ai he ʻekolu a ʻehā paha cartilages nasal liʻiliʻi nā cartilages alar liʻiliʻi , i kapa ʻia hoʻi me nā cartilages liʻiliʻi alar a sesamoid paha. a i ʻole nā kāleka kōkua .
Accessory navicular bone: ʻO kahi iwi navicular kōkua he iwi kōkua o ka wāwae e hoʻomōhala kino ʻole i mua o ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae i loko o ka wāwae. Aia paha kēia iwi ma kahi o 2-21% o ka heluna lehulehu a pinepine asymptomatic. Ke hōʻailona ia, pono paha ke kahakaha.
Accessory navicular bone: ʻO kahi iwi navicular kōkua he iwi kōkua o ka wāwae e hoʻomōhala kino ʻole i mua o ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae i loko o ka wāwae. Aia paha kēia iwi ma kahi o 2-21% o ka heluna lehulehu a pinepine asymptomatic. Ke hōʻailona ia, pono paha ke kahakaha.
Accessory navicular bone: ʻO kahi iwi navicular kōkua he iwi kōkua o ka wāwae e hoʻomōhala kino ʻole i mua o ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae i loko o ka wāwae. Aia paha kēia iwi ma kahi o 2-21% o ka heluna lehulehu a pinepine asymptomatic. Ke hōʻailona ia, pono paha ke kahakaha.
Accessory nerve: ʻO ke aʻalolo kōkua kahi aʻa maloʻo e hoʻolako i nā mākala sternocleidomastoid a me trapezius. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻumikūmākahi o ʻumikūmālua mau pā o nā aʻalolo cranial, a i ʻole nerve cranial maʻalahi XI , ma ke ʻano he hapa o ia mea i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka lolo. ʻO ka mākala sternocleidomastoid ke kuʻi a huli i ke poʻo, ʻoiai ka trapezius muscle, e pili ana i ka scapula, hana e hoʻolōʻihi i ka poʻohiwi.
Accessory nerve: ʻO ke aʻalolo kōkua kahi aʻa maloʻo e hoʻolako i nā mākala sternocleidomastoid a me trapezius. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻumikūmākahi o ʻumikūmālua mau pā o nā aʻalolo cranial, a i ʻole nerve cranial maʻalahi XI , ma ke ʻano he hapa o ia mea i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka lolo. ʻO ka mākala sternocleidomastoid ke kuʻi a huli i ke poʻo, ʻoiai ka trapezius muscle, e pili ana i ka scapula, hana e hoʻolōʻihi i ka poʻohiwi.
Accessory nerve disorder: ʻO ka maʻi nerve kōkua kekahi ʻeha i ka ʻaoʻao nerve o ke kuamoʻo e hopena ai i ka hana i hōʻemi ʻia a i ʻole ʻole o ka mākia sternocleidomastoid a me ka ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o ka mākala trapezius.
Accessory nerve: ʻO ke aʻalolo kōkua kahi aʻa maloʻo e hoʻolako i nā mākala sternocleidomastoid a me trapezius. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻumikūmākahi o ʻumikūmālua mau pā o nā aʻalolo cranial, a i ʻole nerve cranial maʻalahi XI , ma ke ʻano he hapa o ia mea i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka lolo. ʻO ka mākala sternocleidomastoid ke kuʻi a huli i ke poʻo, ʻoiai ka trapezius muscle, e pili ana i ka scapula, hana e hoʻolōʻihi i ka poʻohiwi.
Nidamental gland: ʻO nā kelena kūlohelohe nā ʻōpū o loko i loaʻa i kekahi mau elasmobranchs a me kekahi mau molluscs, me nā cephalopods a me nā gastropods.
Supernumerary nipple: ʻO kahi nipple supernumerary kahi nipple hou aʻe e hana ʻia i nā māmela, me nā kānaka. Kuhi hewa pinepine lākou no nā mole. Hōʻike nā noiʻi i ka nui o nā nipples supernumerary ma kahi o 1 i 18 a 1 i 40.
Supernumerary nipple: ʻO kahi nipple supernumerary kahi nipple hou aʻe e hana ʻia i nā māmela, me nā kānaka. Kuhi hewa pinepine lākou no nā mole. Hōʻike nā noiʻi i ka nui o nā nipples supernumerary ma kahi o 1 i 18 a 1 i 40.
Spinal accessory nucleus: Aia ka nucleus mea kōkua ʻōiwi i loko o ka iwi kuamoʻo o ka iwi (C1-C5) i ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka pepeiaohao mua ʻ saidlelo ʻia ka nucleus ambiguus e hāʻawi i ka "cranial component \" o ke aʻalolo kōkua.
Accessory obturator nerve: I ke anatomy kanaka, ke aʻalolo obturator kōkua kekahi aʻa i nā lumbar ma kahi o 29% o nā hihia.
Accessory obturator nerve: I ke anatomy kanaka, ke aʻalolo obturator kōkua kekahi aʻa i nā lumbar ma kahi o 29% o nā hihia.
Accessory olfactory cortical areas: ʻO nā ʻāpana olfactory cortical wahi nā ʻāpana o ka amygdala kanaka i homologous i kēlā mau wahi i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā afferents mai ke kukui olfactory. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou i ka ʻāpana caudal o ka medial amygdalar nucleus, a me ka nucleical amygdalar nucleus.
Sense of smell: ʻO ke ʻano o ka pilau , a i ʻole ka olfaction , ke ʻano kūikawā i ʻike ʻia ai nā pilau. ʻO ke ʻano o ka honi he nui nā hana, e like me ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea weliweli, a me nā pheromones, a he mea nui i ka ʻono.
Olivary body: I ka anatomy, nā kino ʻoliva a i ʻole nā ʻoliva maʻalahi he mau oval kūkulu koʻikoʻi i ka medulla oblongata, ka hapa haʻahaʻa o ka lolo. Loaʻa iā lākou ka nuclei olivary .
Olivary body: I ka anatomy, nā kino ʻoliva a i ʻole nā ʻoliva maʻalahi he mau oval kūkulu koʻikoʻi i ka medulla oblongata, ka hapa haʻahaʻa o ka lolo. Loaʻa iā lākou ka nuclei olivary .
Human digestive system: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana digestive kanaka o ka gastrointestinal tract me nā mea kōkua o ka digestion. Hoʻopili ka Digest i ka haki ʻana o ka meaʻai i nā mea liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi, a hiki ke omo ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ke kino. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka digestion ʻekolu mau hanana: ka pae cephalic, ka wā ʻōpū, a me ka manawa ʻōpū.
Lesser palatine canals: ʻO nā ʻauwai palatine liʻiliʻi nā ʻāpana i ka iwi palatine e hāpai ana i nā aʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a waena a me nā moku.
Lesser palatine canals: ʻO nā ʻauwai palatine liʻiliʻi nā ʻāpana i ka iwi palatine e hāpai ana i nā aʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a waena a me nā moku.
Accessory pancreas: ʻO ka pancreas mea kōkua kahi ʻano laha ʻole kahi e kaʻawale ai nā hui liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana pancreatic mai nā pancreas. Kū lākou i loko o ka mesentery o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ka paia o ka duodenum, ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ka jejunum, a ʻoi aku paha ka liʻiliʻi, i ka paia o ka ʻōpū, ileum, gallbladder a i ʻole spleen. Ua wehewehe mua ʻia kēia ʻano e Klob i ka makahiki 1859.
Pancreatic duct: ʻO ke kuʻi pancreatic , a i ʻole ke duct o Wirsung , kahi aʻa e pili ana i ka pancreas i ke kahena o ka bile maʻamau. Hāʻawi kēia iā ia me ka wai pancreatic mai ka pancreas exocrine, kahi mea kōkua i ka digestion.
Pancreatic duct: ʻO ke kuʻi pancreatic , a i ʻole ke duct o Wirsung , kahi aʻa e pili ana i ka pancreas i ke kahena o ka bile maʻamau. Hāʻawi kēia iā ia me ka wai pancreatic mai ka pancreas exocrine, kahi mea kōkua i ka digestion.
Accessory pathway: ʻO kahi ala kōkua kahi hoʻohui uila hou aʻe ma waena o ʻelua ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia mau ala ke alakaʻi i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​arrhythmia e pili ana me nā ʻōuli o nā palpitations. Hiki i kekahi mau alahele ke hoʻoulu i kahi ʻāpana o ka mākala ventricular ma mua o ka hanana maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ma mua o ka hauʻoli, a ʻike ʻia paha kēia ma kahi electrocardiogram. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o kahi ala kōkua e kumu i ka pre-excitation me arrhythmia i kapa ʻia ʻo Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Supernumerary phantom limb: ʻO kahi lālā phantom supernumerary kahi kūlana kahi a ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia e manaʻoʻiʻo ai a loaʻa i ka ʻike sensory mai nā lālā o ke kino i ʻole maoli, a ʻaʻohe i loaʻa, i ka contradistinction i nā lālā phantom, i ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o kahi lālā mai ke kino a loaʻa mau ke kōkua mai ia mea.
Accessory pigment: ʻO nā pigment kōkua nā mea hoʻopili maʻalahi, loaʻa i nā meaola photosynthetic, e hana pū me ka chlorophyll a . Hoʻopili lākou i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o kēia pigment, e like me ka chlorophyll b i ka ʻaleka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā antennae mea kanu kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻo nā limu ʻē aʻe i loko o ka chlorophyll c a i ʻole d . Hoʻohui ʻia, nui nā pigment kōkua non-chlorophyll, e like me nā carotenoids a i ʻole nā ​​phycobiliproteins, ka mea e lawe pū i ka mālamalama a hoʻololi i kēlā ikehu uila i ka photosystem chlorophyll. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea kōkua hoʻoliʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā carotenoids, lawelawe pū no hoʻi e omo a hoʻopau i ka nui o ka ikehu uila, a i ʻole hana e like me nā antioxidants. ʻO ka hui nui, pili kino o nā chlorophylls a me nā pigment mea kōkua ʻē aʻe i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia he moena pigment .
Accessory pigment: ʻO nā pigment kōkua nā mea hoʻopili maʻalahi, loaʻa i nā meaola photosynthetic, e hana pū me ka chlorophyll a . Hoʻopili lākou i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o kēia pigment, e like me ka chlorophyll b i ka ʻaleka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā antennae mea kanu kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻo nā limu ʻē aʻe i loko o ka chlorophyll c a i ʻole d . Hoʻohui ʻia, nui nā pigment kōkua non-chlorophyll, e like me nā carotenoids a i ʻole nā ​​phycobiliproteins, ka mea e lawe pū i ka mālamalama a hoʻololi i kēlā ikehu uila i ka photosystem chlorophyll. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea kōkua hoʻoliʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā carotenoids, lawelawe pū no hoʻi e omo a hoʻopau i ka nui o ka ikehu uila, a i ʻole hana e like me nā antioxidants. ʻO ka hui nui, pili kino o nā chlorophylls a me nā pigment mea kōkua ʻē aʻe i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia he moena pigment .